Monitoring: Continuous observation of environmental conditions using sensors, satellites, and data collection methods to detect changes that may indicate an impending hazard.

Risk Assessment: Analyzing data to understand the potential impact of a hazard, including its likelihood, timing, and affected areas.

Communication: Disseminating alerts and warnings to the public and relevant authorities through various channels, such as sirens, SMS, social media, and radio broadcasts.

Preparedness: Educating communities about risks and response strategies, ensuring they know what actions to take when a warning is issued.

Response: Coordinating efforts among emergency services and organizations to effectively manage the situation once a warning is activated.

Evaluation: Reviewing the effectiveness of the system after an event to identify areas for improvement.

Effective EWS can significantly reduce the impacts of disasters by providing people with the information they need to respond appropriately.