LoRa is a wireless communication technology designed for low-power, long-range data transmission, making it ideal for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Operating in unlicensed sub-gigahertz frequency bands, LoRa enables devices to communicate over distances of up to 10 kilometers in rural areas and several kilometers in urban settings, depending on environmental conditions.

Built upon LoRa, LoRaWAN is a protocol that defines the network architecture and communication protocols for LoRa-based networks. Utilizing a star topology, LoRaWAN allows battery-powered devices to transmit small amounts of data infrequently, enabling them to operate for several years on a single battery charge. This makes LoRaWAN particularly suitable for applications such as smart cities, agriculture, industrial automation, and environmental monitoring.

The combination of long-range communication and low power consumption positions LoRa and LoRaWAN as effective solutions for deploying scalable and energy-efficient IoT networks.